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Communication in the National People’s Republic of China: Huang Zongxi’s plot in “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” Author: Ren Shengwei Lei Shengwei
Source: Author Author Authorized by Confucian Network, Originally published by “Fujian Teachers’ Major Sciences” (Philosophy and Social Science Edition) 2023 Issue 5
Abstract: Huang Zongxi’s “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” is a national literature with a systematic plot. The resources he adjusted include experience in the political history of the past, in addition to the history of thought and the history of the system. First, Huang Zongxi traced the sacred kings of the three generations, separated from the public and used it as a system principle, and completed the release of political participation in the political format of opposing the private nation after the three generations. Secondly, applied the public and national system principle for participation, constructed the role or qualification discussion of responsibility as the center, and completed the expansion and reshaping of the political subject; finally, differentiated good governance into the management goal of resumption, and guided Baobao.com has transformed the public’s national fantasy. On this basis, a political theory political picture of the transformation of the late-century common society has emerged, that is, the participation of the national public relations nationwide. Among them, the school system is comprehensively guided by political implementation, but in terms of management meaning, it forms a binary system with the latter, and finally forms a dual form of management based on the monolithic politics and education or politics of learning. Huang Zongxi realized the replacement and institutional adjustment of political plans in the concept of order, while the national community differentiated in reality, thus forming an important resource for the modern republic.
Keywords: Huang Zongxi; “Mingyi Waiting to Visit”; School; Participation in the National; Governance Discussion
Author Profile:
Ren Jing, male, professor and doctoral supervisor at the Institute of International Relations of the Chinese National Studies. The purpose of the important discussions: history of Chinese political thinking, history of Chinese political system, and political theory;
Lei Shengwei, male, doctoral student at the School of International Relations of the Chinese National Studies. The purpose of important discussions: history of Chinese political thinking, history of Chinese political system, and political theory
Huang Zongxi’s “Mingyi Waiting to Visit” is not only a major work in the field of political management, but also a practical resource for attention in the political changes since the late Qing Dynasty. In the previous aspect, by reviewing the political and reorganization of the past, and on the basis of experience and observations accumulated by other political and management writers, Huang Zongxi built a shackle that broke the monarch and participated in the late-century society and sought appropriate monarchs and ministers. In the latter aspect, Huang Zongxi’s new plan advocated participation, and this institutionalized desire coincided with the special practical needs of modern times, becoming the main resources that can be used actively by both reaction and state, and even planted the slums of the later political politics.String. [1] How should we understand the relationship between the systemic nature of Mingyi Waiting to Visit as a standard theory and its choice as a practical resource system? In terms of political management theory, what does this relationship mean? In this regard, if it is still limited to the internal perspective of the political theory, then the problem will never be able to obtain clarification and answers. Regarding the above problems, many scholars have gathered to fight, but the conclusion has not yet been established. [2] However, following relevant lines, we can find that the construction of Huang Zongxi’s experiment was indeed a highly rigid political landscape with the modern civil republic, that is, to participate in the national public.
In the book “History of Political Thoughts in Pre-Qin”, Liang Qichao pointed out that “the country is a public country for the people, and it is political because it is good for the people to cooperate well. I will understand these two meanings first” [3]. However, he also believed that there was a lack of “no political authority”, “I have not discussed the method before, but it seems that I have not agreed to this theory.” [3] So, does “before the civilian” really have no discussion on its methods and plans to implement it? In this regard, Liang Qichao itself has provided a thorough search. In “The Greatest Deeds of the Change of Chinese Academic Thoughts”, Liang Qichao said, “The “Original Lord” and “Original Minister” in “Mingyi Waiting to Visit”, several “Great Courts”” [4]; in “The History of Chinese Academic Thoughts in the Last Three Hundred Years”, Liang Qichao still claims that “Mingyi Waiting to Visit” “It does contain the essence of “Mingyi Waiting to Visit”” ” [5], isn’t “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” just a way to study and even provide the implementation method? In fact, it is precisely because the two have a personality in the thinking of problem setting and disputes that Huang Zongxi was called “the Lusso of Asia” [6], and “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” became a resource that modern people of lofty ideals have been constantly recruited. However, the differences between “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” and “Entertainment” have been found, and the protecting the website director also pointed to different points. Mo Mu was also willing to recognize the “Original Lord” and “Original Minister” in “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” “Discover the energy and location of political dominance”, but at the same time pointed out that “Lu Ren’s “Original Convention” is only a fantasy, while Lizhou is based on Chinese traditional history.” 【7】 Mou Zongsan also believes that the reality of the fantasy included in “Mingyi Waiting to Visit” is civilized politics, but its prototype is “big” fantasy. [8] This just reminds that although the orientation of the political theory level is highly divergent, the theoretical characteristics of “Mingyi To Visit” and the political plans provided by “Greetings” include specific political principles and cardiographies.
In “Mencius’s Talk”, Huang Zongxi, who was directly accused of “Mencius’s way of doing things, the rule of the three dynasties will be restored, and Qin will not be disappointed in the whole country. The success of the sage kings is a great disaster in ancient and modern times.” 【9】It can be said that what Huang Zongxi thought about was the revival of the three dynasties【10】, the point of entry is not natural law and natural rights, but the sage king’s sect and its typical political implication. Compared with what Luso said, the sage king who constantly gained enlistment and reconstruction in reality is Huang Zongxi’s basis for his argument. In this meaning, Huang Zongxi inherited the order concept of classical Confucianism, but he was also strongly influenced by the philosophy, psychology, politics and education thinking [11], and he is now directly linked to the broad body and internal order and made it a regulatory system. It is particularly worth noting that Huang Zongxi widely learned from the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties on the construction of political practices and gifts such as public agreements, banquets, schools, education, and townships, and established a school system covering the center, office and basic level to achieve a comprehensive leadership of politics. Relying on this new system, the political management idea of the traditional political management system in Zhonggong has obtained institutional guarantees, and at the same time, it has realized that the political situation is derived but its power is not “outside the people.” In this meaning, Huang Zongxi’s “Mingyi Waiting for Visits” is undoubtedly a theoretical guide for the transformation of modern republics.
1. The release of political space: as a public principle of the nation
To Chinese traditional political management writers, monarchs are often the origin of theoretical thinking. Huang Zongxi’s “Mingyi Waiting for Access” also discusses the monarch’s problems. However, Huang Zongxi’s foundations of experience and realism differed from others. He wanted to develop a total solution to the difficulty of reconstructing the order of politics and education since the late Ming Dynasty based on his political experience. [12] Among them, the political reality of the Ming Dynasty is undoubtedly Huang Zongxi’s closest source of experience. In “Mingyi Waiting to Visit”, Huang Zongxi traced the story of Mingwu’s lack of good governance from the previous year to “Gao Emperor Gao was the prime minister”, and expressed his strong criticism of the monarch’s behavior of destroying the system of co-governance and fantasy. In fact, this was already seen in the middle and late Song Dynasty. Wang Anshi pursued the principle of TC:
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